Chapter 17 Essay Example

Chapter 17 Essay Example Chapter 17 Paper Chapter 17 Paper Essay Topic: Literature How did the merchant class in northern Italy influence the Renaissance? Merchants belief in individual merit would become a recurring theme in the renaissance; they were patrons of the arts In what ways did literature and the arts change during the Renaissance? Art-Realistic style, new techniques Artists and writers-chose secular and classical and Christian subjects Writers-used the vernacular What did northern European rulers do to encourage the spread of Renaissance ideas? They purchased Renaissance art supported Italian and northern artists How were the Christian humanists different from the humanists of the Italian Renaissance? Christian humanists were slightly different because they adopted ideas from humanists but put a religious slant on it and interpreted the ideals based on christian principles On what three teachings did Martin Luther rest his Reformation movement? 1.) people could win salvation only through faith, not good works. 2.) church teachings should be based on the bible, not the bible church traditions) 3.) people did not need priests to interpret the bible for them Why did the Holy Roman emperor go to war against Protestant German princes? He wanted to force the Protestant German Princes to rejoin the Catholic church Why did Henry VIII create his own church? Refer to the time line on pages 492-493. Henry wanted a male heir. That pushed him to split with the church (they would not give him a divorce) and create the Church of England In what ways was John Calvins church different from the Lutheran Church? John Calvins church: believed in predestination, followed strict rules, and promoted theocracy What was the goal of the Catholic Reformation? Was for the Catholic Church to reform itself so that it could retain loyal catholic What are three legacies of the Reformation? 1.) religion no longer united Europe 2.) paved the way for modern nation-states 3.) laid the groundwork for later rejection of Christian beliefs 4.)new schools were founded (education becoming more valued) 5.)Catholic Church became more unified Religious, political, and social effects of the reformation Religious- Catholic Church became more unified Christianity split Church of England Protestants divided Political- Monarchs gained power Modern nation states developed Social- End of serfdom Peasant revolts What role did the printing press play in the spread of the reformation and the spread of democracy? Printing press allowed people to read more information. This caused less dependence won the church. It caused more ideas about democracy and government structure How did the Renaissance and Reformation expand cultural interaction both within Europe and outside of it? Italian artists inspired northern artists and writers. Through trade and exploration. What conditions needed to exist before the Renaissance could occur? Artists and writers had to be supported in ancillary and be open to new ideas and thoughts. Europe had to be stable and at a time of peace d. All answers All answers Follicle bulb papilla arrector pili muscle sebaceous glands A hair follicle is a mass of epidermal cells extending down into the dermis and forming what? A tube What is another name for a pilosebaceous follicle? a. dermal papilla b. vellus hair c. hair bulb d. hair follicle D Hair Follicle Strong healthy hair receives adequate amounts of: a. Vitamins b. minerals c. nutrients d. All answers D. All Answers Vitamins minerals nutrients Hair growth is created by the activity of cells in the: a. stratum corneum b. pores c. basal layer d. dermis C Basal Layer What are the oil ducts or sebaceous glands that are attached to thefollicle responsible for? Lubricating the skin and hair The hair found on a fetus is called ? Lanugo Short, fine downy hair is called ___________. Vellus Hair growth occurs in these stages: a. anagen, catagen and telogen b catagen and telogen c. anagen and telogen d. catagen and anagen A Anagen Catagen Telogen Hair and skin are good barometers for what? The state of a persons health Hirsutism is ? Excessive hair growth The menopause moustache is caused by: a. estrogen b. hormonal distress c. adrenocortical activity d. cumulative sun damage C Adrenocortical activity The 2 types of hair removal are? Temporary and Permanent Removing hair by using electricity is called? Electrolysis Galvanic, thermolysis, and blend are 3methods of removal used by this method. Electrolysis IPLs a. use quick flashes of light b. shatter the targeted hair bulb w/o allowing heat to build up and burn the surrounding skin. c. reduce hair and spider veins d. All answers D- All answers use quick flashes of light shatter targeted hair bulb w/o building up heat and burn surrounding skin. reduce hair and spider veins. What is depilation? Removing the hair at or near the surface of the skin What is epilation? a. removes hair from the bottom of the follicle b. removes hair by breaking contact between the bulb and papilla c. pulls hair out of the follicle d. all answers D All answers Epilation removes the hair from the bottom of the follicle, breaks contact between the bulb and papilla, pulling the hair out of the follicle. Folliculitis barbae is commonly called? Ingrown hair A product that removes hair is called? Depilatory Which of the following answers accurately describes tweezing? a. using tweezers to pull hair out by the root one at a time. b. using tweezers, thread, or sugar to pull out unwanted hair c. a faster method than waxing for hair removal d. permanently removing thehair by pulloing it out, one hair at a time. A using tweezers to pull hair out by the root one at a time Which answers(s) best describes threading? a. uses 100% cotton b. thread is twisted and rolled along the surface of the skin c. entwines hair in the thread andlifts it out of the follicle d. all answers D All answers Threading uses 100% cotton. Threading is when a thread is twisted and rolled along the skin entwining the hair in the thread and lifting it out of the follicle. Waxing failures are caused by ? Skin not held taut The 2 types of waxes are ? Hard and soft Common ingredients added to wax are? a. Azulene b. Chamomile c. Tea tree oil d. All answers D All answers Azulene, Chamomile and Tea Tree oils are all common ingredients found in waxes. Which statement accurately describes hard waxes? a. Gentle enough for the face b. strong enough to remove coarse hairs c. often preferred for bikini and underarms d. all answers D All answers Hard wax is gentle enough for the face, strong enough to remove coarse hairs and is preferred for the bikini and underarm areas. Basic waxing supplies include ? Wax and warmer cleansers and pre- and post-epilation solutions Wax that iswater insoluble is removed by using a(n)? Oil based solution Which of the following best describes on a roll-on wax? Wax that is in an applicator and dispensed by a roll-on head. When using oversized waxing strips, your waxing technique is? Compromised Pellon is a ? fiber-like material that doesnt shed or stretch Which of the following best describes post waxing materials? a. products with antiseptic and soothing properties and hair growth inhibitors. b. products with antiseptic and soothing properties only c. hair growth inhibitors only d. products containing alchohol A Products with antiseptic and soothing properties and hair growth inhibitors. When clients have these conditions and/or diseases, they should not receive a leg waxing service. a. phlebitis, varicose veins, or diabetes b. deep hair roots c. have only a few hairs d. are too hairy A Phlebitis Varicose veins diabetes You should never do a facial waxing on clients who have. a. sunburn, a history of fever blisters, pustules or papules b. recent history of exfoliating topical medications such as Retin-A c. recently used Accutane or other acne medications or topical or oral cortisone d. All answers D All answers NEVER wax on clients who have Sunburn Fever Blisters pustules or papules Recent topical meds for exfoliation (Retin A) Accutane or topical or oral cortisone Before any waxing service you should? Perform a consultation Never apply wax over? warts moles abrasions or inflamed skin Post waxing precautions include: a. dont exfoliate for 48 hours b. avoid sun exposure for 48 hours c. avoid using creams w/fragrance for 48 hours d. All answers D All answers Post waxing precautions include no exfoliation, sun exposure, or creams w/fragrances for 48 hours. Which product is commonly used prior to a waxing service? Witch Hazel What are the advantages of using powder prior to a waxing service? Makes the hair more visible, helps protect the skin and removes moisture. Strip (soft) waxing requires that you apply the wax? a. thickly b. against the direction of the hair growth c. in the direction of the hair growth d. in a horizontal direction C In the direction of the hair growth You should leave approximately a ______ margin on the pulling side of the fabric when doing a strip wax. 1 Hard wax should be applied how thick ? Width of a nickel When applying a muslin or pellon strip, what should you do? Rub the strip in the same direction of the wax application Properly shaped eyebrows are important because? Correctly shaped eyebrows have a strong, positive impact on the overall attractiveness of the face. Why should you apply a non-irritating antiseptic lotion after tweezing an area? Prevents infection and contracts the skin What should you do to minimize discomfort in sensitive areas during waxing? Immediately place pressure on the waxed or tweezed area What should you offer your client during a bikini waxing service? Disposable panties or a small clean towel The greatest challenge when waxing the armpits or a mans back? Grows in several directions and patterns What is trichology? The scientific study of the hair and its diseases. What is hair made of? Hair is made from a hard protien called keratin, which is produced from the hair follicle. Which muscle inserts into the base of the hair follicle? Arrector Pili Muscle What are 3 stages of hair growth? Anagen Catagen Telogen What is the name of the hair growth stage where new hair is produced? Anagen What is thename of regression(falling out) stage of hair growth? Catagen What is the name of the final resting stage of hair growth? Telogen How long does it take for the hair to grow from the papilla to the surface of the skin? 4-13 weeks What is Hirusutism ? Excessive hair growth on the face, arms, legs (especially for wormen) What is hypertirichosis? Excessive growth of hair where hair doesnt normally grow What are the 2 general categories of methods of hair removal? Temporary Permanent What is an example of permanent hair removal? Electrolysis What is Galvanic method of electrolysis? Uses direct current, which causes chemical decomposition of the hair follicle. What is Thermolysis method of Electrolysis? Uses high frequency, producing heat which coagulates and destroys the hair follicle. What is the blend form of electrolysis? A combination of Galvanic and Thermolysis, sending a current through a fine needle or probe of both AC and DC simutaneously. It is reportably quicker than Galvanic alone. What are 3 methods of Electrolysis? Galvanic Thermolysis Blend What are 2 methods of hair removal which is considered temporary? Depilation Epilation ; What is the definition of depilation? Depilation is the process of removing hair at or near the level of the skin. (shaving, chemical depilation) What is Epilation? Epilation is the process of removing hair by breaking contact between the bulb and papilla. The hair is pulled out of the follicle. (tweezing/waxing and sugaring) What is a depilatory? A substance, usually a caustic alkali preparation, used for the temporary removal of superfluoushairby dissolving it at the skin level. What direction should the hair be removed when tweezing? In the direction of the growth Where should you start tweezing eyebrows? from the inner corner of the eye How long should hair be in order for waxing to be effective? 1/4 to 1/2 inch What are the 2 types of waxes ? Hard Soft What are some contraindications for waxing procedures? Recent chemical peels (acid based products) Recent microderm abrasion, injectables (botox) Recent cosmetic or reconstructive surgery Rosacea or very sensitive skin sunburn HIstory of fever blisters or cold sores Presence of pustules or papules on waxing area Usage of topical exfoliants (Retin-A, Renova, Tazorac, Differin, Azelex, other peeling agents, or Vitamin A topical products) Hydroquinone for skin lightening Topical or oral cortisone medication Accutane or other acne medications Blood thinning medications What are the most important things to remember about the wax removal technique? Hold the skin tight, remove the wax quickly, and do no lift up during the pull. In what direction should hair be removed during waxing? IN the direction opposite of the growth How should you pull the strip ? Parallel to the skin in the opposite direction of the growth w/o lifting up. How should you pull the hair while tweezing? A quick smooth motion in the direction of the hair growth What should be done prior to applying wax to the face ? Remove makeup Cleansing of the area thoroughly dry the area Can the spatula be dipped in the wax more than once? NO never double dip How can burns be prevented ? Always test the temperature of the heated wax before applying it to the clients skin. Can any hair be removed from warts, moles? No, because the wax could cause trauma to the mole. What parts contain hair roots? Medulla Cortex Cuticle What is the difference between languno and vellus hair? Languno is hair on a fetus, hair formation actually begins prior to birth. Vellus hair i sfound in areas that are not covered by the larger, coarse hairs found and the head and brows. .. a good example is the cheeks. They both describe a short, soft downy fine hair. The main structures of the hair below the surface of the skin are? Follicle Bulb Papilla Arrector pili muscle sebaceous glands A hair follicle is a mass of epidermal cells extending down into the dermis and forming what? A tube What is the other name for a polosebaceous follicle? Hair follicle Hair growth is created by the activity of cells in the ________________ layer. Basal The menopausal moustache is caused by ? Adrenocortical activity IPLs do what? Use quick flashes of light Shatter the hair bulb w/o allowing heat to build up and burn the surrounding skin. reduces hair and spider veins.